Carbureter.



T. ODEE.

CARBUBETER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I5. 19H.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

.UNITED STATES PATENT y fw THORMOD ODEE, F ALBERT LEA, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNORTO KEMPER-ODEElillffzrINEll COMPANY, OF ALBERT LEA, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

Application filed June 15, 1914. Serial No. 845,107.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THoRMoD Gonna citizen of the United States, residing at Albert Lea, in the county of Freeborn and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

It is common in carbureters to provide one or more baffle-plates or the like against which the gaseous fuel or the explosive mixture is caused to strike in its passage throught-he valve for the purpose of eecting a mixture of the fuel and the air. These baflie-plates tend to cause condensation in the explosive mixture, which is a thing to be avoided,

since the mixture in its gaseous state ought to pass freely to the engine cylinder.

It is one of the objects ofrmyinvention to entirely dispense with baiie-plates or the like and to provide in another manner for the thorough mixture of the Vfuel and the air. A clear and unobstructed passage to the engine cylinder is provided forthe mixture so that the latterwdoes not strike against any transverse projection or wall during such passage. v

Another object of my invention is to provide a carbureter of improved construction wherein the suction of the engine will lift the fuel a relatively great distance to the discharge vend of the fuel nozzle so thaty the necessity of a float-valve to maintain the level of the fuel at a definite height is obviated. It is a further object of the invention to provide a carbureter of simple and durable construction consisting of but few parts c .W which may be cheaply manufactured and easily assembled.

40 Further objects and advantages of the invention will be fully set forth in the following detailed description.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical central section through acarbureter,constructed in accordance with my invention, a portion of the fuel tank and the connecting pipe also being shown. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section in the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 5 indicates a fragment of a tank adapted'to-contain a suitablelfuel such as kerosene, and the carbureteris connected to this tank by suitable means such as i an elbow-fitting and a pipe 7 This pipe has av check-valve 8 therein to prevent the 55 fuel frompassing back into the tank between strokes of the engine. e

Qindicates a branch pipe leading from a gasolene tank (not shown) to the pipe 7.

1.0 is a three-way valve adapted to connect the carbureter with either the gasolene tank or the kerosene tank, so that the engine may be started with gasolene, kerosene being substituted after the cylinder has become hot.

The casing of the carbureter comprises the Vattaching portion 11 adapted to be secured to the engine cylinder, the mixing chamber 12 and the axially alined lower portion 13, which in the present instance is of spherical shape and constitutes the auxiliary air inlet chamber. The latter chamber has a transverse spider 14 therein.l The initial air supply tube 15 is threaded at its upper lend in the spider-14 and vat its lower end is interiorly threaded to receive a nipple or pipe 1.6k which isthreaded intoY the elbow-fitting 6. This nipple is illustratedin the drawings as partially brokenv out, only the ends lbeing shown. `A fuel-nozzle 17 is threaded at its lower end in the nipple 16` and at its upper 80 end has an enlargement 17 a which fits snugly within the tube 15. The lower portionof vthe fuel nozzle 17 is of less'external diam-` eter than the interior of the `air-tube 15, so asftoprovide-an annular 'air space between 85 said nozzle and said tube. A plurality of, ports 18 through the air-,tube provideinlets for the air which passes upwardly 'around the fuel-nozzle. The enlargement 17a at the upper end .of the fuel-nozzle is provided with a plurality of longitudinally-extending grooves 19l through which the air passes. The upper end ofthe fuel-nozzleis'tapered v and the interior ofthe air-tube is correspondingly tapered or contracted ,to provide a converging air discharge passage for a purpose to be presently explained. In the lower endof the spherical portion 13 ofthe casing is an axial opening through which the fuel-nozzle and air tube extend. Iny 'this opening Vis threadedy an annular gland 20 which provides at its upper end a valve-seat adapted to. coperate witha valve Vmember 21 slidably surroundingthe Vairtube 15. A coiled compression spring 22 105 bears aty one end against 4the valve member and at its dpposite end against the spiderv 14 and tends to holdthevalve noem#rv ber seated. The space 23 between the gland 20 and the air-tube 15 provides an auxiliary inlet for the air.

The up er end of the mixing chamber 12 is closed 5y a plug 24 in which is threaded a centrally arranged needle valve member 25, the lower end of which is tapered to fit against a valve seat 26 in the upper end of the fuel-nozzle 17. Preferably the tapered end of the valve member is slightly concave as shown. The upper end of the valve member has fixed thereon a knurled head 27 which provides a finger-piece for turning the valve member, and between this head and the plug 24 is positioned a coiled spring 28. A spring-finger 29 fixed in the attaching portion 11 bears against the knurled head 27 and prevents accidental rotation of said head.

In starting the engine, and when it is running slowly, a sufcient quantity of air for the explosive mixture will be drawn in through the initial air-supply tube 15. As the engine speeds up more air is required and the valve 21 will yield upwardly to permit the air to be drawn in through the auxiliary inlet. It will be noted that the upper ends of the air-tube 15 and fuel-nozzle 17 are located at the upper end of the globular portion 13 of the casing or at the lower end of the mixing-chamber 12 which is relatively small or restricted with relation to said globular portion. Owing to the tapered or restricted shape of the upper end of the air-tube 15 the air issuing therefrom will be forced to cross the path of the stream of fuel issuing from the nozzle 17. Likewise, on account of the converging shape of the upper end of the globular p0rtion 13 of the casing and the relative position of the air-tube and fuel-nozzle therein and with relation to the restricted low'er end of the mixing chamber 12, the auxiliary air from the chamber 13 will be caused to form cross-currents of high velocity in the lower end of the mixing-chamber 12. The result 0f these cross-currents of air is to effect a thorough mixture of the air with the fuel issuing from the nozzle 17. It will thus be seen that the necessity for baiiie-plates or the like is entirely eliminated. The concave or tapered low'er end of the valve member also acts to spread the fuel issuing from the nozzle 17 outwardly in all directions so as to cause it to be mixed with the air. Preferably, the lower end of the plug 24 is concave or beveled so as to form a continuous or smooth wall connecting the side of the mixing chamber 12 with the upper wall of the outlet passage through the attaching portion 11, thus avoiding a square or perpendicular lwall against which the current of explosive mixture would strike squarely. This is for the purpose of preventing condensation of the mixture.

The converging discharge passage in the air tube 15 and the restricted mixing-chamber surrounding the fuel-nozzle cause both the initial and the auxiliary flow of air to exert the maximum lift on the fuel in the nozzle. The efliciency of the air currents in lifting the fuel in the nozzle is further promoted by the relative arrangement or location of the fuel-nozzle 17 to the feed pipe 7 and the fuel-tank 5. The pipe 7 communicates with the lower end of the fueltank and lies in a substantially horizontal position, so that as long as there' is any material quantity of fuel in the tank the fuel will stand in the pipe 7 and the elbow-fitting 6, and therefore adjacent to the lower end of the fuel nozzle 17 The fuel-nozzle extends upwardly directly above the elbowfitting 6 so that the suction from the engine will exert a pull or lift directly upward in a straight line from the level of the fuel. Thus the engine is able to draw the fuel upwardly a maximum distance. Inasmuch as I dispense with a boat-valve and depend upon the suction of the engine to draw the fuel from the nozzle 17, this arrangement is important since it is necessary that the fuel be properly fed not only when the tank 5 is full but when the level of the fuel therein is loW. When the tank is filled, fuel will, of course, rise in the nozzle 17 to the same level as in the tank 5. The upper end of the fuel-nozzle is therefore placed at some distance above the top of the tank 5 or the highest level of liquid therein. For example, in a two and a half horse power engine the fuel tank will be about four and a half inches high and the top of the fuel nozzle 17 will stand about ten inches above the bottom of said tank. Thus, even when the tank is full the liquid fuel in the nozzle 17 will be five and one-half inches from the top of the nozzle, from which level the fuel is raised by the suction of the engine. The foregoing dimensions are, of course, merely given as an example in order to impart a more concrete understanding of the operation. When the engine is running, the fuel is drawn up to the top of the nozzle and is prevented by the check valve 8 from sinking in the tube between strokes of the engine.

It will be seen that my carbureter is characterized by a paucity of parts which may be cheaply manufactured and quickly and conveniently assembled.

Variations from the exact construction shown in the drawings may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a carbureter, a casing providing an air chamber, an axially alined restricted mixing chamber above said air chamber, a spider xed within said air chamber, an air tube threaded in said spider', a fuel nozzle within said air tube, the upper ends of said nozzle and said air tube being adjacent to the lower end of the mixing chamber, the lower end of said air chamber having an axial opening through which the fuel nozzle and air tube extend, a valve slidably surrounding said air tube and adapted to close said opening, a spring tending to hold said valve closed, and a needle valve member threaded in the upper end of the mixing chamber and controlling the upper end of the fuel nozzle.

2. In a carbureter, a casing providing an air chamber, an axially alined restricted mixing chamber above said air chamber, and an angularly extending attaching portion providing an outlet from said mixing chamber; a spider fixed within said air chamber, an air tube threaded in said spider, a fuel nozzle within said air tube, the upper ends of said nozzle and said air tube being adjacent to the lower end of the mixing chamber, the lower end of said air chamber having an axial opening through which the fuel nozzle and air tube extend, a gland threaded in said opening and providing a valve seat, a valve slidably surrounding said air tube and coperating with said seat, a spring Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

